Some nickel alloys are selected for their special physical properties. The iron-36% nickel alloy is unique in having almost zero coefficient of thermal expansion around room temperature.  The first application was for pendulums of high precision clocks.  Today, the largest application is for liquefied natural gas (LNG) tanks.  Other alloys in the same family can have their expansion coefficients tailored to match the expansion of the plastics used to encapsulate integrated circuits. Nickel-iron alloys can also have very high magnetic permeability, making them suitable for shielding electronic equipment from electromagnetic interference. Permanent magnets based on aluminium-nickel-cobalt-iron were widely used but have been superseded in many applications by ferrites and rare-earth magnets. TTrade Name Alloy Name UNS No. BS Specs USA Specs German Specs French Specs Alloy K Nilo-K Rodar Kovar UNS K94610 ASTM F15 ASTM F26 AMS 7726 Wire AMS 7727 Bar and Forgings AMS 7728 Sheet, Strip and Plate MIL-I-23011 Class 1 WS 1.3981 AFNOR NF A54-301 Alloy 36 Nilo 36 Super Invar 32-5 Invar 36 UNS K93600 UNS K93601 UNS K93603 UNS K93050 ASTM F1684 MIL-S-16598 Tooling plate ASTM B388 Sheet & strip ASTM B753 K93050 Free-cut Invar WS 1.3912 Nilo 42 Low expansion 42 Alloy Alloy 42 UNS K94100 ASTM F30 ASTM B 753 AMS 5683 Welding Wire WS 1.3917 DIN 17745 AFNOR NF A54-301 Low expansion 45 Alloy Alloy 45 Glass sealing 46 Alloy Alloy 46 UNS K94600 ASTM F30 High Perm 49 Alloy 4750 Alloy 49 UNS K94840 AMS 7718 Mil-N-14411 Comp 3 Nilo 48 Alloy 48 UNS K94800 ASTM F30 Glass Sealing 52 Alloy Alloy 52 UNS N14052 ASTM F30